The rules of operation of the sewing machine. Preparation for sewing. Filling and tension of the threads. Lubrication of the machine. Troubleshooting in the machine.

The most time consuming and complex work is done on the sewing machine. With all the technical diversity of existing household sewing machines, there are General provisions manual.

1. Before you start sewing, you need to read the instructions that came with the car.

2. It is impossible to prevent the rotation of the flywheel in the opposite direction, i.e. from the running, as they can become entangled thread in the Shuttle kit.

3. Correct installation of the needle - one of the main conditions of operation of the machine. Be careful when replacing the needles.

4. Improper filling threads, machine stitching will not.

5. Before you start sewing, you need, holding the ends of the thread, make two or three puncture by turning the flywheel by hand.

6. Turn the fabric be made only with the needle down in the material.

7. Can not pull and push the fabric while sewing, not to break the needle. When sewing through the thick and solid space that you want to sew slowly, and flywheel to turn by hand. The recommended presser foot lift, and the material a little further. When sewing thin materials should be easy to pull up the material behind the presser foot to avoid puckering the seam.

8. You cannot use the machine without placed under the pressure foot of the material, otherwise the teeth of the engine material and the surface of the foot will deteriorate.

9. Adjustment to the displacement of the zigzag and any other operations are performed with the needle in the upper position.

10. After sewing it is necessary to put under the presser foot fabric.

  Preparation for sewing. Before you start sewing, pull the lower thread out. To do this, take the left hand upper thread at the end, pulling it, turning on itself, the flywheel machine to the needle first dropped into the hole in the needle plate, captured the lower Shuttle thread, and then again raised to the upper position (Fig. 26). Then you need to pull the end of the needle and thread through the hole in the needle plate to pull the bottom thread to the top. Then the ends of both lines, upper and lower and pull back under the pressure foot, put the fabric and stitching.

To obtain a quality stitch it is necessary correctly to pick up a needle and thread. The recommended needle size and thread for different fabrics specified in table 1.
 

 End of sewing. Stop the car in such position when the take-up lever is at the top and the needle is out of material. Then push the lever to raise the presser foot, placing the left hand from the fabric and cut the threads in the end of the line.

 Installing the needle (Fig. 27). Needle 1 should be entered in the needle holder 2 (at the top position of the needle bar) up to the stop and secure with screw 3. The flat side of the bulb 4 (flatted) on the needle should be facing away from the working.

Refill thread 
 

Threading the upper thread. The thread is introduced into the holes 6 and 7 (Fig. 28) thread guide plate, then between the washers 8 of the Adjuster, up to eyelet 4 nudepricekatie spring down under nudebrittany hook 3, up through the hole in the take-up lever 5 down to the wire thread guide 2, and then into the thread guide 1 on osloboditelen and odevaetsya in the eye of the needle 9 from working.
 
To save time and simplify operation is not recommended when changing the thread to get the top thread. It should be cut off from the coil at the beginning of the next work piece knot with the right thread and pull the needle.
 
 Threading the lower thread. Before you fill up the bottom thread need to pull out bobbin case with the bobbin from the Shuttle device, which requires turning the handwheel to put the needle to the top position. To push the sliding plate, the two fingers of his left hand to grab the latch lever bobbin case and remove the bobbin case (Fig. 29).
 
Wound the bobbin fill in the bobbin case and wind the thread under the spring tension (Fig. 30). Leave the free end of the thread length of 10-15 cm to Insert the bobbin case with a bobbin, filled with thread, the Shuttle device. The needle should be in the upper position. Bobbin case with the bobbin to wear to the terminal 3 Shuttle device until it stops. The 1 finger of the bobbin case must fit into the socket 2 (Fig. 31).
 
 The tension of the thread. The tension of the strings is of great importance for the quality of the stitching. The intertwining of the upper and lower threads should be in the middle of the sewn material (Fig. 32 a). In this case, line the front and back sides look the same. If the upper thread tension too strong or lower thread tension is weak, then the top thread pulls the bottom up and their intertwining is formed on the upper side of the material (Fig. 32 b). It turns fragile and ugly seam. To avoid this, you have to loosen the tension on the upper thread or tighten the lower tension.If the upper thread tension too weak or lower thread tension too strong, the weave of threads is obtained on the underside of the material (Fig. 32), since the bottom thread is pulling the top. In the first case, the car bounces from the top. In the second case, the car bounces from the bottom seam is also fragile. Should increase the tension on the upper thread or loosen the tension on the bottom.
 
Some materials require a stronger sewing tension thread, the other - weaker. To adjust the tension of upper thread should only be omitted when the pressure foot as if the foot is raised, the tension regulator is turned off. The tension of the lower thread is regulated by screw on the tension spring of the bobbin case. If the tension of the lower thread is set correctly, then change it has rarely, in most cases a good line can be obtained by simply adjusting the upper thread.

 Oiling machine. A sewing machine should be thoroughly cleaned, systematically lubricate and check the status of its individual parts. Dirt and dust getting into the machine contribute to wear and tear. Be sure that dust and dirt does not get in the car after work it should be close. To reduce friction and thus avoid premature wear, the machine should be lubricated.
 
If the machine works daily, all its parts should be lubricated at least once in two days. Before doing this it is necessary to thoroughly clean, inspect, and clean all the holes for lubrication, as otherwise the oil can't get between the rubbing parts. For lubrication it is necessary to use special machine oil and lubricator, which should always be intact. It is impossible for the lubrication of machine to use vegetable or animal oils, which, solidification, cause hard running of the machine. When you tap the bottom or sides of the lubricator the oil should drip, not go stream.